Means adapted to reproduce sounds or other sensory effects



1940- J. E. JENKINS ETAL 1,31

MEANS ADAPTED TO REPRODUGE SOUNDS OR OTHER SENSORY EFFECTS Original Filed Sept. 25, 1933 1 E Mr I I IQ, I Q) fZ- a; 4 /Z Fig, E 2.39

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Patented Nov. 12, 1940 UNITED STATES MEANS ADAPTED TO REPRODUCE SOUNDS OR OTHER SENSORY EFFECTS John Elliott Jenkins, deceased, late of Chicago,

Ill., by Joseph E. Otis, Jr., administrator, Chicago, Ill., and Samuel E. Adair, Chicago, 111., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Bendix Radio Corporation, Baltimore, Md.', a corporation of Delaware Original application September 23, 1933, Serial No. 690,656, now Patent No. 2,116,314, dated May 3, 1938. Divided and this application April 7, 1938, Serial No. 200,652

6 Claims.

This invention relates to means adapted to reproduce sounds or other sensory effects, as from a record, and adapted to control operative devices in conjunction with the sounds or other sensory effects so artificially reproduced.

An object of the invention is to correlate the reproduction of sensory effects such as sound, with the effects produced by a picture reproducer and to provide automatically for a predetermined timed relationship in their operation.

Another object of the invention is to accomplish the control of a motion picture projector in timed relation with a record containingoperating components.

Another object'-relates to displaying a moving picture sequence repeatedly in conjunction with an audible sequence.

Numerous other objects and advantages of the invention will be appreciated as the same is more fully understood from the following description, which, taken with the accompanying drawing, discloses a preferred embodiment of and for the purpose of disclosing our invention.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a system embodying a portion of the invention, said system being actuated from a grooved sound track or record by means of a magnetic pick-up device;

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a photoelectric pick-up device, which may be substituted for the magnetic pick-up in the system shown in Figure 1 for use with a photographic record;

Figure 3 is an enlarged diagrammatic representation of one form of sound record or track having an operating frequency superimposed thereon in accordance with our present invention;

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation-of apparatus for making a record for use in practicing our invention;

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation of apparatus for operating a motion picture projector in conjunction with a sound record in accordance with our present invention; and

Figure 6 is a perspective view of parts of the apparatus shown in Figure 5.

To illustrate the invention, we have shown on the drawing, in Figure 1, an electrical system for reproducing sound, and at the same time, controlling operable devices, such as tuned relays 2|, from a record represented generally at l I, through a pickup device IS. The sound record ll may be made in any suitable or convenient manner known to the art and may be of any suitable form, that is to say, may be a groove formed in a cylinder or disk, as shown in Figure 1; may be a photographic record on film, as shown in Figure 2; or may be a magnetic record on wire.

The record As shown in Figure 3, the record ll consists of a single recorded track incorporating both a normal sound recording II, which, for simplicity, we shall call the sound track, and a deviceoperating recording l3, which we shall call the operating component; that is to say, the normal sound track is combined with the operating component so that the record ll consists, in part, of recorded vibrations l4, comprising the resultant of the sound track l2, and the operating component l3.

The operating component l3 may have a sinusoidal wave form as shown in Figure 3, or may be of more complicated configuration. The wave may be a simple wave or may be the envelope of an oscillation of higher frequency.

Method of making the record The record ll, if the operating component is applied thereto artificially, may be prepared in any suitable or convenient manner as by conmeeting, with a suitable recording apparatus *lgll, a suitable device I43 for delivering to the recording apparatus the operating component at the proper time so that the same may be superposed upon the sound vibrations as they are recorded, the sound vibrations being fed into the sound recording device by any suitable pickup, such as a microphone I45, if the record is made from the original sound, or a pickup device I46, where the record H is made from a previously recorded sound track, or a microphone and pickup may be used together if desired as where previously recorded incidental music is to be dubbed as a background in the record for the original sound.

The oscillating device I43 may be an oscillating electric circuit tuned to the frequency desired for the operating component, or may be a previously prepared record of an operating vibration having a desired frequency or frequencies. The oscillating device is connected with the recording device through a normally open control key ,ll'l, whichkey is closed by the operator whenever it is desired to impress the operating component 1 upon the sound recording. This is known as dubbing the operating component on the sound track.

Alternatively, a device capable of creating vibrations in the air, may be positioned near the sound pickup I45 of the recording device III, the vibration device being actuated at intervals to add the desired operating component to the sound waves reaching the pickup device.

Numerous other methods of superposing the operating frequency upon the sound track in the record will suggest themselves to those familiar with the art of recording sound waves and our invention is not necessarily limited to any particular mode of producing the composite record II. It is, however, preferable to prepare the composite record II by dubbing the operating frequency upon the sound track, rather than by adding the same to the sound waves before they are applied to the pickup I45.

The foregoing methods may be employed in making record grooves in wax or similar material, and in making magnetized wire records and photographic records. We also contemplate making magnetized wire and photographic records by first applying the actuating component upon the recorded sound track. In the case of the magnetic record, this may be accomplished by magnetizing the wire at the proper places in accordance with the desired operating component, the wire being either previously 01' subsequently treated to magnetize it in accordance with the sound track recording.

In photographic records, the operating component may be photographed on the undeveloped negative on which the sound track record is subsequently or has previously been photographed, and the double exposure developed on the negative from which a positive print of the composite recording can be made, or a. negative of a normal sound track record may be printed as a positive and the print of a separate negative of the operating component superimposed on the positive print of the sound sequence and the double exposure .developed on the positive.

The sound-reproducing and device-actuating system consists of a suitable pickup device I5 adapted to be vibrated in accordance with the vibrations recorded on the record II, a sound emitting device or loud speaker I9 connected to the pickup preferably through the amplifying system H, and a tuned relay 2| adapted to be actuated by the operating component of the record and also connected with the pickup device through a relay operating system 23 and filter 25.

The pickup device I5, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawing, may consist of an ordinary magnetic device, such as is commonly used in conjunction with the ordinary grooved phonograph record, or, an ordinary mechanical phonograph pickup may be used in conjunction with a microphone to impress the vibrations of the record II 7 upon the input oi the amplifying system H.

In Figure 2 of the drawing, the sound track I I is shown as a photographic record, such as is commonly used in the audible moving picture art and the pickup device includes the light source 29, the aperture 3| and a target 33, comprising a photo-electric cell, or other light-sensitive device, connected to the input of the reproducing system and upon which light rays from the light source impinge after passing through the aperture and the photographic record II as is well known in the art.

Our invention does not necessarily reside in the particular form of record and cooperating pickup device employed but any suitable or convenient form or forms f record and cooperating pickup device may be used to apply the vibrations of the record upon the sound reproducing and device-actuating system.

Record producing and device operating system The amplifying system II also may be of any suitable or convenient form or arrangement for the purpose of receiving the vibrations initiated therein by the pickup device of whatever charactor used, amplifying the vibrations and delivering the amplified vibrations to the soundemitting speaker I9 and to the relay 2|.

To illustrate our invention we have shown an amplifying system comprising transformers 35, 5| and I3 and vacuum tubes .43 and 61 connected as shown in Figure 1. The speaker I9 is connected to the output of the amplifier II.

The relay 2I may be connected to the pickup I5 through a suitable transformer 94, a filter 25 which passes only the operating component and a suitable amplifier 23 having the usual transformer and vacuum tube Illl.

The coil II9 of the relay is connected across the output of the amplifier 23. The relay 2| is adapted for operation by current delivered to the coil, the function of the relay-operating system 23 being to amplify the power of the relay-operating component sufficiently to operate the relay, which may require for its operation more power than is delivered to the operating system. The relay, when actuated by the operating component, operates the shiftable member I09, which may be mechanicall connected to control a device to be operated, or, as illustrated, may be arranged to operate an electrical switch for controlling the circuit IIII, which, in turn, may be connected to effect the electrical control of any device to be operated.

While in some cases, it may not be necessary to utilize the amplifier 23 and the filter 25, since it is possible to operate the relay 2I directly from the output of the amplifier system II, it is, however, desirable to provide these refinements in order to insure positive operation of the relay in response to the operating component n the record.

In Figure 5 of he drawing we have shown a system embodying our present invention arranged to accomplish the control of a moving picture projector in timed relationship with a record containing operating components. The arrangement includes a pickup device I5, which, operating in conjunction with the record, is arranged to deliver the vibrations received therefrom to the sound amplifier I1 and the sound-emitting device I9. The pickup device also delivers the operating component through the transformer 94, filter 25 and amplifier 23 to the relay 2|, the switch I09 of which is connected through a time delay relay I89 more fully explained below, to control an operating circuit 2 including a suitable power source I81 and the coil 2I3 of a relay 2I5. The relay 2I5 has a shiftable element ZII carrying a switch operating member 2I9, which is normally biased towards switch open position by means of the spring 22I. When the solenoid 2| 3 is energized by the closure of the switch I85, the switch 2I9 will be closed against the urge of the spring MI. The switch H9 is connected to control the operating motor of a motion picture projector 223 and the circuit including the switch Us is preferably arranged to cause the projector 223 to operate when the switch H9 is closed. In order to hold the switch 2 I9 in closed position against the bias ofthe spring 22I after the operating frequency has passed by the pick-up device I5, we

switch-closing position.

provide holding means comprising a holding finger 225 operatively associated with the shiftable element 2 ll of the relay 2I5. This holding finger is normally biased as by a compression spring 22! toward a position retaining the member 2I'I in In order to open the switch 2I9 after the picture sequence projected by the device 223 is completed, the film 229 which is mounted for projection by the device 223, is provided with a cut-out slot 23I therein, and the film, as it travels through the projector 223, passes between a pair of rollers 233 and 235 as shown in Figure 6 of the drawing. One of these rollers has a flange 23! adapted to register with the cutout portion 23I of the film when the same passes between the rollers. The other roller has lateral flanges 239 to align the film properly on the rollers so that the slot 23] will register with the flange 231.

The rollers are preferably formed of suitable electrical conducting material and form. switch means controlling a circuit including a suitable power source 2 and a solenoid or operating coil 243 which, when energized, serves to retract the holding finger 225 against the urge of the com pression spring 221, permitting the switch 2H? to open under the influence of the spring 22L It is desirable to incorporate a time delay element in the connection between the switch I09 and the relay 2I5. This may be accomplished by connecting the switch I09 in a series circuit Ill), including an electrical power source IN and the operatin coil of a relay I89 of the time-delay type, having a normally open switch 85 adapted to close when the coil of the relay is energized in response to the closure of the switch its, It desirable to delay the closure of the switch under certain circumstances, in order that the relay will not operate iithe switch I09 closes ac cidentally as in response to imperfections in the record, or other circumstances, which impart a vibration in the system approximating the opcrating frequency. A dashpot or relay MS may also be provided to guard against accidental op eration of the super-sensitive relay 2I. In other words, by imparting a time delay feature in relay I89, closure of the switch I may be prevented except when the operating component is interntionally prolonged sufficiently to cause the closure of the switch I85 by the operating component rather than by incidental, or accidentally initi ated vibrations approximating the operating cornponent.

While the film 229 is passing through the pro jector, the rollers 223 and 225 will be insulated, the one from the other, by the film passing therebetween. At the termination of the sequence projected by the device 223, the slot 23I, formed in the film, will permit the flange 23loi the roller 235 to engage and make electrical contact with the periphery of the roller 233, thus completing a circuit for energizing the solenoid 243 and permitting the switch 2l9 to open. as aforesaid, thus stopping the operation of the projector 223.

The foregoing system is particularly well adapted for displaying a moving picture sequence peatedly in conjunction with an audible sequence. The record II, and the picture projector 223 are preferably driven in timed relationship so that the record and picture sequence are completed coincidentally or in any desired sequence, al though in the illustrated arrangement they are not synchronized in the usual sense after the be ginning of the sequence. The record, in the i1 lust-rated arrangement is reproduced on a phone graph turn-table having repeating mechanism for causing the pickup device to be returned to the initial or starting position on the record, after the record has been completely played and the pro-- jector is provided with an endless filin or the equivalent, which can repeat itself indefinitely. As heretofore stated, the rollers 233 and 23S render the projector inoperative at the end oi the projection of the picture sequence, and the pickup device it causes the projector to start in operation as soon as the controlling operating frequency it engages the pickup preferably at the beginning, but if desired, at any time during the playing of the record, It is desirable, but by no means essential, to have the film 229 formed as a continuous strip as shown in Figure 5, since this is the simplest way of operating a continuous picture projector.

The present application comprises division of our copending application serial No. 690,656, filed September 23, 1933, now l atent No. 2,116,314, May 3, 1938, which in turn is a continuation in part of our copending application Serial No. 662,860, filed March 27, 1933 relating to sound and control record.

While several illustrative embodiments have been described in detail, it is not intended that our invention be limited to the forms shown nor otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims.

We claimi l. a remote control system for picture projection apparatus having electrical driving means and having a visual record to be projected, a remote station, source oi control impulses at station, an energizing circuit for said driv rneans, switch means responsive to said con trol impulses for closing said energizing circuit, interlock for maintaining said circuit closed, and means controlled by said visual record for releasing said. interlock and breaking said energizing circuit.

2. in a remote control system for picture projection apparatus having electrical driving means and having a visual record to be projected, a re-- mote station, a source oi control impulses at said station, an energizing circuit for said driving means, switch means responsive to said control impulses for closing said energizing circuit, in-

terlocl: means for maintaining said circuit closed, index means on said visual record, and means responsive to said index means for releasing said interlock and breaking said energiz ing circuit,

3. In a remote control system for picture projection apparatus having electrical driving means and having a visual record to be projected, a remote station, a source of control impulses at said station, an energizing circuit for said driving means, switch means responsive to said control. impulses for closing said en rgizing circuit, terloclr means maintaining said closed, index means on said visual record, a switch means responsive to said index means releasing said interlock; and breaking said energizing circuit.

a, In a remote control system for projection apparatus having electrics? means and having a visual record to be a remote station, a source of control im see at said station, an energizing circuit for said driving means, switch means responsive to said con trol impulses for closing said energizing circuit, interlock means for maintaining said circuit closed, switch means comprising a pair of members normally separated by said visual record, and means for releasing said interlock and breaking said energizing circuit when said members contact.

5. In a remote control system for picture projection apparatus having electrical driving means and having a visual record to be projected, a remote station, a source of control impulses at said station, an energizing circuit for said driv.- ing means, switch means responsive to said control impulses for closing said energizing circuit, interlock means for maintaining said circuit closed, switch means comprising a pair of members normally separated by said visual record, and means comprising a relay for releasing said interlock and breaking said energizing circuit when said members contact.

6. In a remote control system for picture projection apparatus having electrical driving means and having a visual record to be projected, a remote station, a source of control impulses at said station, an energizing circuit for said driving means, a relay responsive to said control impulses, a movable armature adapted to close said energizing circuit upon actuation of said relay, interlock means maintaining said armature in closed circuit position subsequent to operation of said relay, switch means comprising a pair of members normally separated by said visual record, and means comprising a second relay for releasing said interlock andbreaking said energizing circuit when said members contact.

SAMUEL E. ADAIR. JOSEPH E. OTIS, JR., Administrator of the Estate of John Elliott Jenkins, Deceased. 

